WHAT’S YOUR FAVOURITE SHOP?
1. Where is it?
2. What does it sell?
3. Can
you find it in a department store or a shopping centre?
4. When
do you go there?
5. Who
do you go there with?
6. What
do you usually buy there?
7. How
much money do you spend there everytime you go there?
8. Why
do you like it?
9. What
sort of people are its customers?
10. Do you prefer buying online or in stores?
LORD RANDAL
summary
The poem is
a traditional ballad, a folk narrative poem which was very popular in the late
Middle Ages and was originally adapted for singing and dancing.
The
well-known ballad ‘Lord Randal’ by Anonymous tells the story of Lord Randal who
goes to the forest for hunting with
hawks and dogs. There he meets his sweetheart who gives him eels
fried. Lord Randal eats them and
give the leftovers to his hawks and dogs. Since the fish is poisoned, they
all die.
Young Lord
Randal goes back home. He is
tired and he would lie down. Lord Randal’s mother asks what the girl gave him to eat and why he is not accompanied
by his dogs and hawks. He answers that she gave him eels fried in a pan and his
dogs died after having eaten the leftovers. Therefore he is going to die. He
will leave twenty-four cows to his mother, gold, and silver to his sister,
houses, and lands to his brother, hell and fire to his lover.
All that is told through questions and answers that is in the dialogue form.
GEORDIE
summary
This is one
of the most popular English ballads. Like most medieval ballads, it is anonymous
and its date of composition is unknown.
It has been
interpreted both in a realistic way, that is to say as a true story, and as a
moving and mysterious story of love and death.
The
"Geordie" of the title is jailed for a crime; his wife (or lady)
goes to plead for his life. The woman's attempts are for nothing and he is
executed.
"Geordie"
exists in many variants. The ballad has different versions created by
traditional folk singers in Scotland, England, Ireland, Canada and the USA, and
performed and recorded by folk artists and groups. The ballad concerns the
trial of the hero, during which his wife pleads for his life.
A
narrator comes over London Bridge as usual but one day he hears a young woman lamenting for Geordie.
She says he will be hanged and a golden chain will be used to do
that because he is of royal blood and
has loved a good woman. This woman rides to London’s court. She asks the
judge for Geordie’s release saying that his crimes weren't serious, in that
he only stole some of the king's deer and sold them and says she has had three
children from him but she loves him so much that she’s ready to give them up to
save his life. The fair maid cannot save him as he has been sentenced to
death. Geordie will be executed wearing a golden chain as a sign of his
royal descent.
The Preface to the Picture of Dorian Gray
His pursuit of beauty and fulfilment are the tragic
acts of a superior being inevitably turned into an outcast. Wilde’s Preface to "The
Picture of Dorian Gray" may be considered the manifesto of
the English Aesthetic Movement since it speaks about the
subject of art and the role of the artist.
The artist is the creator of beautiful things but
is not interested in communicating his ideas to mankind and he writes only to
please himself.
He might consider the moral or immoral lives of people
as part of the subject matter of his work, but art itself is not meant
to teach the public anything. The true artist does not aim at proving
anything and he makes no judgement of right or wrong.
What people call vices or virtues, are merely
materials for the artist. Those who attempt to go beneath the surface of a
work, or to find out a particular meaning in a symbol, do so at their own risk.
Wilde concludes the preface by saying that
" All art is quite useless"; that is, art exists for
its own sake (Art for Art’s Sake) and not for any moral purpose. On the
contrary the two Romantic poets, Wordsworth and Coleridge, in their Preface to
"Lyrical Ballads", point out the didactic role of poetry whose aim is
to show the reader the negativity of Industrial Revolution. Dickens also had a didactic aim in his novels-
he wanted to draw his readers’ attention on some of the social problems of his
time.
